Tribal resolution for wildlife protection
Sangtam Naga Resolution Strengthens Pangolin Protection in Northeast India: The United Sangtam Likhum Pumji (USLP), the apex body of the Sangtam Naga community, passed a resolution banning pangolin hunting and trade in its jurisdiction in Nagaland in February 2026. This marks a significant example of community-led wildlife conservation in Northeast India. The resolution reinforces both traditional governance and modern environmental protection.
This decision strengthens India’s fight against illegal wildlife trafficking, especially in sensitive biodiversity zones near international borders. It demonstrates how indigenous communities play a key role in protecting endangered species through collective action.
Static GK fact: Nagaland became the 16th state of India on December 1, 1963, and is known for its rich tribal heritage and biodiversity.
Pangolins as highly trafficked mammals
Pangolins are among the most trafficked mammals globally due to demand for their keratin scales, meat, and illegal medicinal uses. In India, two species exist — the Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) and the Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla). Both species are classified as endangered due to heavy poaching and habitat loss.
These animals are nocturnal insectivores that control ant and termite populations, helping maintain ecological balance. Their decline can negatively affect ecosystem stability.
Static GK Tip: Pangolins are the only mammals in the world covered entirely with keratin scales, the same material found in human nails.
Legal protection and international commitments
Pangolins in India are protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, which provides the highest level of legal protection. Hunting, trade, or possession of pangolins attracts severe penalties, including imprisonment and fines.
Globally, all eight pangolin species are listed under Appendix I of CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species). This listing bans all forms of international commercial trade in pangolins and their body parts.
Static GK fact: India is a signatory to CITES since 1976, strengthening its commitment to global wildlife protection.
Role of Wildlife Trust of India initiative
The resolution supports the Countering Pangolin Trafficking Project, implemented by the Wildlife Trust of India (WTI) in partnership with international conservation groups. The project focuses on community awareness, strengthening law enforcement, and monitoring illegal trade networks.
The involvement of tribal communities enhances surveillance and reduces poaching risks. Community ownership ensures long-term protection beyond formal government enforcement.
Static GK fact: The Wildlife Trust of India was established in 1998 and has played a major role in rescuing endangered wildlife across India.
Importance of community-led conservation
In Nagaland, forests are largely controlled by tribal councils rather than the government, making community participation essential for conservation success. Indigenous governance systems promote better compliance and cultural acceptance of wildlife protection measures.
Such grassroots initiatives complement national wildlife laws and help conserve biodiversity hotspots. The Sangtam resolution sets a model for other tribal groups to adopt similar conservation measures.
Static GK Tip: Northeast India is part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, one of the world’s richest ecological regions.
Impact on biodiversity protection efforts
The Sangtam Naga decision strengthens India’s biodiversity conservation efforts and supports its international environmental commitments. It enhances protection for pangolins and improves monitoring of illegal wildlife trade routes in border regions.
This move highlights the growing role of indigenous communities in safeguarding endangered species. It also reinforces India’s commitment to sustainable environmental governance and wildlife conservation.
Static Usthadian Current Affairs Table
Sangtam Naga Resolution Strengthens Pangolin Protection in Northeast India:
| Topic | Detail |
| Resolution body | United Sangtam Likhum Pumji |
| Location | Nagaland |
| Species protected | Indian pangolin and Chinese pangolin |
| Legal protection | Wildlife Protection Act 1972 Schedule I |
| International protection | CITES Appendix I |
| Conservation organization | Wildlife Trust of India |
| Conservation approach | Community-led wildlife protection |
| Biodiversity region | Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot |
| Pangolin role | Controls ants and termite populations |
| Conservation significance | Strengthens anti-trafficking and biodiversity protection |
