NGT Approves Strategic Development in Great Nicobar Island

Tribunal clears infrastructure project

NGT Approves Strategic Development in Great Nicobar Island: The National Green Tribunal (NGT) on February 16, 2026, dismissed fresh petitions challenging environmental approvals granted to the Great Nicobar Mega Infrastructure Project. The tribunal confirmed that the project can proceed, provided strict adherence to environmental safeguards is maintained. The approvals were originally granted in November 2022, and the tribunal found no valid grounds to revoke them.

The six-member bench, headed by Justice Prakash Shrivastava, reviewed concerns related to ecological damage and compliance with environmental norms. The tribunal emphasized that environmental protection must coexist with strategic and developmental priorities. This ruling marked a significant step in advancing infrastructure in India’s island territories.

Static GK fact: The National Green Tribunal was established in 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, to handle environmental disputes and ensure speedy justice.

Major components of the infrastructure project

The project includes an International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT), township development, and a 450 MVA gas and solar-based power plant. These components aim to transform Great Nicobar Island into a major maritime and economic hub. The ICTT will allow India to handle cargo currently processed in foreign ports like Singapore and Colombo.

The township will support administrative, commercial, and residential needs. The power plant will ensure energy security through a combination of renewable and conventional energy sources.

Static GK Tip: The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are administered as a Union Territory of India, with Port Blair as the capital.

Strategic importance near Malacca Strait

The tribunal highlighted the project’s strategic location near the Malacca Strait, one of the busiest maritime routes globally. Nearly 40% of global trade passes through this strait, making it crucial for international shipping. Strengthening infrastructure here enhances India’s maritime presence in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

The tribunal also linked the project to India’s Act East Policy, which aims to boost connectivity and economic cooperation with Southeast Asia. The development will support India’s defence logistics and strengthen monitoring of vital sea lanes.

Static GK fact: The Malacca Strait connects the Indian Ocean with the South China Sea and separates Malaysia and Indonesia.

Coral protection and environmental safeguards

Environmental concerns focused on coral reefs and coastal ecosystems near Galathea Bay. Reports from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) and the High-Powered Committee confirmed that no major coral reefs fall directly within the project area. However, over 16,000 coral colonies located in shallow waters were identified for translocation.

The tribunal emphasized compliance with the Island Coastal Regulation Zone (ICRZ) Notification, 2019, which prohibits destruction of coral reefs. Monitoring mechanisms and coral relocation plans were included as mandatory safeguards.

Static GK fact: Coral reefs support nearly 25% of marine biodiversity despite covering less than 1% of ocean area.

Judicial balance between ecology and national interest

The tribunal stressed that environmental clearances must be strictly followed throughout project execution. Any violations could lead to legal consequences or suspension of activities. The ruling reflects a balanced approach between protecting fragile ecosystems and advancing national strategic interests.

This decision strengthens India’s maritime infrastructure while ensuring ecological accountability. The project is expected to enhance India’s role in global trade and reinforce its geopolitical presence in the Indo-Pacific region.

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NGT Approves Strategic Development in Great Nicobar Island: