Found in Assam’s dense forests
New Tree Discovery Adds Glory to Assam’s Botanical Legacy: A new tree species, Garcinia kusumae, has been discovered in the Bamunbari area of Baksa district, Assam. It belongs to the genus Garcinia, known for its diverse floral properties and medicinal potential. The tree was identified during a structured botanical survey and herbarium collection, strictly following scientific protocols.
The species was named after Kusum Devi, the mother of noted Indian botanist Jatindra Sarma, acknowledging her role in his academic journey. This marks the fourth time Sarma has named a species after a family member, creating a unique record in Indian botanical history.
Morphology and distinct features
Garcinia kusumae is a dioecious and evergreen tree, capable of reaching up to 18 metres in height. Its flowering season ranges from February to April, and it bears fruit between May and June.
The tree exhibits several distinct traits. Each fascicle bears up to 15 staminate flowers, but the number of stamens per flower is fewer compared to most related species. A blackish resinous exudation from the berries further sets it apart. It shows similarities with Garcinia assamica, Garcinia cowa, and Garcinia succifolia, but the differences in morphology confirm its independent identity.
Traditional uses of the fruit
The fruit of this species is deeply rooted in local traditions. Villagers sun-dry the pulp to prepare a sherbet that is consumed with salt and sugar, commonly used to beat the heat and prevent heat stroke.
The fruit is also cooked in fish-based curries, enhancing taste and adding nutritional value. Its medicinal value is noted in tribal practices—treating diabetes and dysentery. The seed aril, eaten raw with mustard oil, chillies, and salt, provides a sweet-sour punch.
Insight into the Garcinia genus
Garcinia is the largest genus within the Clusiaceae family. It includes 414 species of shrubs and trees found mainly in tropical lowlands. These species are globally distributed, with major biodiversity hotspots in Africa, Southeast Asia, and Australasia.
Static GK fact: India is home to 33 Garcinia species and seven varieties, with Assam alone hosting 12 species and 3 varieties. These plants are well-studied for their pharmacological and ecological value.
Symbol of biodiversity and dedication
The discovery of Garcinia kusumae adds richness to Assam’s flora and reflects the untapped potential of India’s northeastern forests. More importantly, it emphasizes the role of continuous scientific exploration and community knowledge in uncovering new species.
By naming the tree after a family member, Jatindra Sarma brings a human touch to science, blending academic excellence with personal tribute. This species could become central to future medicinal and botanical research.
Static Usthadian Current Affairs Table
New Tree Discovery Adds Glory to Assam’s Botanical Legacy:
| Topic | Detail |
| Name of new species | Garcinia kusumae |
| Location of discovery | Bamunbari, Baksa district, Assam |
| Genus | Garcinia |
| Family | Clusiaceae |
| Tree type | Dioecious, evergreen |
| Flowering period | February to April |
| Fruiting period | May to June |
| Medicinal use | Diabetes, dysentery, heat stroke |
| Local culinary use | Sherbet, fish curry, raw seed aril |
| Assam’s Garcinia diversity | 12 species, 3 varieties |
