Neolithic Relics and the UNESCO Push at Lakkundi

Why Lakkundi is in Focus

Neolithic Relics and the UNESCO Push at Lakkundi: Recent Neolithic-era discoveries at Lakkundi in Karnataka’s Gadag district have transformed the historical understanding of the site.
The findings confirm continuous human habitation from prehistoric times to the medieval period, making it one of the rare multi-layered heritage settlements in South India.

These discoveries have strengthened the long-standing proposal to secure UNESCO World Heritage status for the region.

Archaeological Excavation and Discovery

The excavation began on January 16, 2026, at the Kote Veerabhadreshwar Temple complex.
The process was triggered after villagers accidentally unearthed ancient artefacts while digging for house foundations.

Lakkundi is located about 12 km from Gadag and was historically known as the “village of a hundred temples and wells,” many of which remain buried under present-day settlements.

Static GK fact: Neolithic culture in India is marked by polished stone tools, early agriculture, and permanent settlements.

From Prehistory to Medieval Civilization

The presence of Neolithic tools and relics proves that Lakkundi predates its medieval identity by thousands of years.
Historically known as Lokkigundi, the town appears in 11th–12th century inscriptions, where it was compared to Amaravati, the mythical city of Indra.

This continuity from prehistoric settlement to structured urban centre gives Lakkundi exceptional archaeological value.

Political and Economic Importance

Lakkundi flourished under major Deccan dynasties such as the Chalukyas, Yadavas, and Hoysalas.
The presence of a tankashale (mint) indicates its role as an important economic centre.

In 1192 AD, it served as the capital of Hoysala ruler Eradane Ballala, reflecting its strategic and administrative relevance.

Static GK Tip: Medieval Indian capitals were often chosen near water sources and trade routes for sustainability and defence.

Religious Diversity and Social Harmony

Lakkundi was associated with Queen Attimabbe, a prominent 11th-century Jain philanthropist.
She sponsored the construction of Jain basadis, temples, wells, and educational institutions.

The village also housed 12th-century Bhakti movement sharanas, including followers of Basaveshwara, such as Shivasharana Ajaganna and Sharane Muktayakka.
This coexistence reflects religious tolerance and cultural plurality.

Architectural Legacy

At least 13 surviving temples built in the Kalyana Chalukya architectural style are recorded at Lakkundi.
The site is also known for its intricately designed kalyanis (stepwells), showing advanced water management engineering.

These structures represent a blend of aesthetic excellence, urban planning, and hydraulic knowledge.

UNESCO Status and Heritage Revival

The Karnataka government, under Tourism Minister H.K. Patil, has revived long-pending conservation plans.
More than 1,050 artefacts collected from households are now preserved in an open museum.

The state is working with INTACH (Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage) to prepare documentation for inclusion in UNESCO’s tentative list, along with nearby temple clusters.

The discovery of prehistoric layers has significantly strengthened Lakkundi’s global heritage claim.

Static Usthadian Current Affairs Table

Neolithic Relics and the UNESCO Push at Lakkundi: