Values still matter in a digital judiciary
Judiciary and Technology Need Balance, Says CJI: The Chief Justice of India (CJI) recently reminded us that while technology is reshaping the judiciary, it can never replace the human values of empathy, discretion, and deep judicial thinking. These qualities are the backbone of justice, and technology, no matter how advanced, must function within the framework of constitutional values.
How tech is transforming courts?
The Indian judiciary has started using Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and automation in powerful ways. Let’s look at some of the major applications:
Automated case handling
Through automated case management, courts are now able to schedule smartly, prioritize pending cases, and reduce backlog more efficiently. For instance, Deep Learning algorithms help predict the urgency of cases and allocate resources accordingly.
Predictive analysis of judgments
By studying historical case data, AI tools can offer predictive insights. This helps in understanding likely outcomes based on patterns, although judges still make the final decisions.
Smarter document handling
With tools like Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and Natural Language Processing (NLP), the judiciary is moving away from bulky paper files. Digitized documents now allow for quicker search and error-free referencing.
Blockchain for tamper-proof records
Blockchain technology is being explored to securely manage judicial deposit registers and to prevent record tampering. Its immutability ensures that once a record is added, it can’t be changed.
AI chatbots for the public
Courts are also introducing AI-driven chatbots that guide users with real-time case updates, legal information, and help on procedural steps. This is especially useful in remote or underserved areas.
Major digital initiatives in courts
eCourts Project
The eCourts Mission Mode Project, launched under the National eGovernance Plan, has seen three phases:
- Phase I (2011-2015): Basic computerization of District Courts
- Phase II (2015-2023): Gave more control to High Courts to implement tech projects
- Phase III: Budget 2023-24 announced Rs. 7000 crores to deepen these reforms
NJDG and CIS
The National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG) compiles judgments, orders, and case data from courts across the country. It’s a step towards transparency. Meanwhile, Case Information Software (CIS), developed using Free and Open-Source Software (FOSS), supports both District and High Courts.
Challenges that still need attention
AI bias and ethics
Despite all the tech upgrades, AI can show bias if the data it learns from is flawed. This could lead to discriminatory outcomes, which is dangerous in a system meant to ensure justice for all.
Data security concerns
Courts handle sensitive information. If digital systems are breached, it could affect the public’s trust in the legal system.
Legitimacy and connectivity
Verifying the identity of remote witnesses and ensuring stable internet in rural regions remain big hurdles. Tech malfunctions can delay hearings and affect judgment timelines.
Static Usthadian Current Affairs Table
Judiciary and Technology Need Balance, Says CJI:
| Content Area | Details |
| eCourts Mission Mode Project | Started in 2011, 3 phases, Rs. 7000 crores announced in 2023-24 budget |
| National Judicial Data Grid | Collects and publishes court data across India |
| Blockchain in Judiciary | Used for judicial deposit records and tamper-proof documentation |
| OCR and NLP | Help in document digitization and search |
| CJI View | Empathy and discretion irreplaceable; tech should follow Constitution |
| CIS Software | FOSS-based tool used in District and High Courts |
| AI Challenges | Bias, data security, identity verification, poor rural connectivity |
