A Living Connection to the Buddha
Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi: Icon of Sri Lanka’s Ancient Buddhist Legacy : he Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi is revered globally as one of the most sacred emblems of the Buddhist tradition.Located in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka’s ancient capital, this sacred fig tree is believed to be over 2,300 years old, making it the oldest living tree planted by humans with a recorded date. What makes it truly extraordinary is that it is a direct descendant of the original Bodhi tree in Bodhgaya, under which Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment. During his 2025 visit to Sri Lanka, Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited the site, underscoring its spiritual and cultural importance for both nations.
Deep Roots in Buddhist History
The story of the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi begins in 288 BC, when it was planted by King Devanampiya Tissa. The sapling was brought to Sri Lanka by Sanghamitta Maha Theri, the daughter of Emperor Ashoka, as part of his efforts to spread Buddhism across Asia. The Mahavamsa, the ancient chronicle of Sri Lanka, meticulously records this sacred event. Over centuries, Anuradhapura grew into a major pilgrimage centre, largely because of this tree. Despite facing threats from vandalism and conflict, the tree has survived, becoming a symbol of peace and resilience.
Center of Faith and Ritual
To millions of Buddhists, this tree is not just a plant—it’s a living embodiment of the Buddha’s journey. Pilgrims gather daily to offer flowers, oil lamps, and prayers. Farmers present their first harvest to the tree as a gesture of gratitude and hope for prosperity. It’s believed that prayers made under its shade bring spiritual strength and good fortune. The atmosphere is serene yet powerful, as visitors come not just to see, but to feel the divine presence rooted in its ancient bark.
Architecture Built Around Devotion
The sacred tree is nestled within a raised stone terrace, surrounded by four lower terraces known as the Parivara Bodhi. These levels not only protect the tree but also facilitate rituals. Around it, one finds ornate golden fences, stone Buddha statues, and intricately carved railings—all constructed over centuries as acts of devotion. The site is overseen by the Chief High Priest of Atamasthana, who ensures its upkeep and ritual sanctity. While millions visit annually, access to the innermost enclosure is strictly limited, safeguarding the tree from damage.
Preserving a Sacred Legacy
The Pipal tree species (Ficus religiosa) is known for its longevity, and with dedicated protection, the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi has endured for over two millennia. But it hasn’t been easy. In 1985, a terrorist attack on the site claimed 146 lives, yet the tree miraculously survived. Since then, surveillance and preservation efforts have been intensified. Measures such as restricted entry, structural reinforcements, and routine health checks continue to preserve this sacred symbol for future generations. The tree’s survival is a testament to faith, resilience, and the shared spiritual heritage of India and Sri Lanka.
Static GK Snapshot
Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi: Icon of Sri Lanka’s Ancient Buddhist Legacy :
| Aspect | Details |
| Location | Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka |
| Planted in | 288 BC |
| Brought by | Sanghamitta Maha Theri (Daughter of Ashoka) |
| Original Bodhi Tree Location | Bodhgaya, India |
| Type of Tree | Pipal Tree (Ficus religiosa) |
| Significance | Oldest human-planted tree with recorded history |
| Major Incident | 1985 terror attack (146 pilgrims killed) |
| Maintained By | Chief High Priest of Atamasthana |
| Associated Ruler | King Devanampiya Tissa |
