Renewed Push for Geo-Imaging Capability
Isro Readies Gisat-1A Launch After Past Setbacks: After a prolonged gap caused by mission failures, Isro is preparing for the launch of Gisat-1A, also designated EOS-05. The satellite is intended to restore India’s near real-time Earth observation capacity from geostationary orbit. Its arrival at the launch site marks a significant milestone in reviving a delayed strategic programme.
The mission comes more than four years after the loss of the original Gisat-1 (EOS-03). That setback temporarily stalled India’s ambition to achieve continuous monitoring of the subcontinent from space.
Background of the Gisat Programme
The earlier GSLV-F10 mission on August 12, 2021, failed due to a cryogenic upper stage anomaly. As a result, EOS-03 could not be placed into its intended orbit. The failure followed two postponements in 2020 and early 2021, attributed to technical and system-level concerns.
Static GK fact: Cryogenic engines use liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen, offering high efficiency but posing complex engineering challenges.
Since the failure, Isro has carried out multiple design reviews, simulations, and validation tests. These efforts aim to eliminate risks associated with the cryogenic stage and overall mission integration.
Design and Operational Capabilities
Gisat-1A belongs to the 2.2-tonne satellite class and is engineered for frequent imaging of large geographical regions. Unlike low-Earth-orbit satellites, it remains fixed relative to India, enabling continuous observation.
The satellite is equipped to deliver all-weather, cloud-resistant imaging, enhancing monitoring reliability. Its data will be used across agriculture, forestry, mineral exploration, oceanography, snow and glacier studies, and disaster management.
Static GK Tip: Satellites in geostationary orbit are positioned at an altitude of about 35,786 km above Earth’s equator, matching Earth’s rotational speed.
Strategic and Security Significance
Although classified as a civilian satellite, Gisat-1A carries strategic importance. Near real-time imagery supports border surveillance, infrastructure monitoring, and operational planning. Such capabilities reduce dependence on foreign data sources.
The satellite also strengthens India’s broader Earth observation roadmap, integrating civilian development needs with national security requirements.
Launch Readiness and Timeline
The spacecraft has completed critical checks at the UR Rao Satellite Centre in Bengaluru. It is awaiting final clearance for transport to the Satish Dhawan Space Centre. According to Isro leadership, the satellite is under final technical review.
A Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) has been issued for the GSLV-F17 mission. The tentative launch window spans from February 20 to March 5, indicating advanced readiness.
Static GK fact: NOTAMs are issued to alert aviation authorities about airspace restrictions during rocket launches.
Lessons from Recent Launch Failures
Isro’s cautious approach is influenced by recent PSLV mission failures, including the loss of EOS-09 (RISAT-1B) and DRDO’s Anvesha (EOS-N1). These incidents highlighted the need for stricter quality assurance.
Since the 2021 cryogenic failure, GSLV vehicles have completed four consecutive successful missions, rebuilding confidence. The Gisat-1A launch is therefore viewed as a decisive test for India’s heavy-lift launch capability.
Static Usthadian Current Affairs Table
Isro Readies Gisat-1A Launch After Past Setbacks:
| Topic | Detail |
| Satellite Name | Gisat-1A (EOS-05) |
| Replaces | Failed EOS-03 mission |
| Launch Vehicle | GSLV-F17 |
| Orbit Type | Geostationary orbit |
| Primary Function | Near real-time Earth observation |
| Failure Reference | GSLV-F10 cryogenic anomaly (2021) |
| Launch Window | February 20 – March 5 |
| Strategic Value | Continuous monitoring of Indian region |
