More Infections, Fewer Deaths in 2024

India’s Malaria Burden in 2024: Progress in Death Reduction, Concerns Over Rising Infections: India has made notable gains in malaria control over the years, but the 2024 data presents a mixed picture. While malaria-related deaths have declined—from 90 in 2021 to 76 in 2024—reported cases have sharply risen, climbing from 1.6 lakh in 2021 to over 2.57 lakh by 2024. This indicates better survival rates due to timely treatment and detection, but also highlights a growing need for improved prevention and vector control.

Alarming Rise in Falciparum Cases

The Plasmodium falciparum parasite, which causes the deadliest form of malaria, is seeing a troubling surge. From 1.01 lakh in 2022, falciparum cases increased to 1.55 lakh in 2024, marking a significant rise. High-burden states such as Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand, Mizoram, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal remain the key contributors to this trend.

Tamil Nadu Shows Effective Control

In contrast, Tamil Nadu has maintained a low malaria burden, with only about 340 cases reported annually over the last two years. Both vivax and falciparum types are present, but the consistently low numbers reflect strong surveillance systems and efficient vector management in the state—making it a model for other regions.

Historical Decline and Epidemiological Metrics

India’s broader malaria landscape has improved dramatically over the past two decades. From 2.09 million cases in 2001, numbers dropped to 0.19 million in 2020. Falciparum cases also reduced from 1 million to 0.12 million in the same timeframe. Important indicators such as Slide Positivity Rate (SPR) and Slide Falciparum Rate (SFR) declined from 2.31 to 0.19 and 1.11 to 0.12, respectively, between 2001 and 2020—evidence of reduced transmission intensity.

The Road to Malaria Elimination 2030

Despite fewer deaths, the rise in overall and falciparum cases raises concern over India’s goal to eliminate malaria by 2030. The challenge now lies in reinforcing vector control, improving community awareness, and ensuring targeted action in endemic states. Continued investment and vigilance will be crucial to sustain past gains and achieve elimination.

Static GK Snapshot

India’s Malaria Burden in 2024: Progress in Death Reduction, Concerns Over Rising Infections: