First cross border railway links
India Bhutan First Rail Links Approved: India and Bhutan have approved their first-ever cross border rail projects, marking a turning point in bilateral ties. The two lines—Kokrajhar–Gelephu in Assam and Banarhat–Samtse in West Bengal—are designed to strengthen connectivity, reduce costs, and accelerate trade. These projects are seen as a milestone in the economic and strategic partnership between the two Himalayan neighbors.
Kokrajhar Gelephu line
The Kokrajhar–Gelephu railway will connect Assam’s Kokrajhar district with Gelephu in Sarpang, Bhutan. With an estimated cost of ₹3,456 crore, this 70-kilometre line includes six stations and nearly 100 bridges. Gelephu is being developed into a “Mindfulness City”, and this project will provide direct access to Indian ports and markets.
Static GK fact: The Northeast Frontier Railway is responsible for operating most rail services in Assam and adjoining regions.
Banarhat Samtse line
The second project links Banarhat in West Bengal’s Jalpaiguri district with Samtse in Bhutan. It has a planned cost of ₹577 crore, covering a distance of 20 kilometres with two stations and around 25 bridges. The line is expected to boost Samtse’s role as an industrial hub by cutting logistics costs and improving movement of goods.
Total investment and economic boost
Together, the two lines represent an outlay of ₹4,033 crore. The connectivity will reduce transit time for Bhutanese exports, integrate its industries with Indian supply chains, and open up better access to regional trade routes. The move also supports Bhutan’s plan to diversify its economy beyond hydropower.
Static GK Tip: India is Bhutan’s largest trading partner, accounting for over 80% of Bhutan’s exports and imports.
Strategic and diplomatic value
Beyond economics, the rail links carry strong strategic importance. By connecting Bhutan to India’s railway grid, New Delhi reinforces its role as a reliable development partner. The projects are also seen as a way to balance external influences in South Asia while cementing cultural and civilizational ties.
Fast tracked approval
The Kokrajhar–Gelephu line has been classified as a Special Railway Project, ensuring faster clearances and land acquisition. This reflects India’s strategic focus on border connectivity under the Act East policy. Bhutan also benefits from streamlined access, boosting regional cooperation and integration.
Static Usthadian Current Affairs Table
India Bhutan First Rail Links Approved:
| Topic | Detail |
| First India Bhutan rail projects | Kokrajhar–Gelephu and Banarhat–Samtse |
| Total cost | ₹4,033 crore |
| Kokrajhar–Gelephu line length | 70 km with 6 stations and 100 bridges |
| Banarhat–Samtse line length | 20 km with 2 stations and 25 bridges |
| Gelephu significance | Planned as a Mindfulness City in Bhutan |
| Samtse role | Emerging industrial hub in Bhutan |
| Special status | Kokrajhar–Gelephu declared a Special Railway Project |
| Strategic policy link | Supports India’s Act East policy |
| Major partner | India is Bhutan’s largest trading partner |
| Regional impact | Boosts trade, connectivity, and integration |
